iMetal

The US is using its dominance of a niche petroleum gas as a bargaining chip in its trade war with China.
America supplies China with almost all of its ethane, a product of the shale boom that’s used as a building block for making plastics. But the commerce department is now ordering shippers to apply for export licenses, and has told at least one, Enterprise Products Partners LP, that it intends to withhold permits for three China-bound cargoes.
The trade war is throwing a spotlight on how the US and China rely on each other for certain commodities — dependencies that both nations are seeking to leverage as they negotiate terms to resolve their dispute. In this case, America is the world’s biggest producer of ethane, which is converted into ethylene for plastics factories, and China is its largest customer.
The commerce department has cited risks that petroleum products like ethane could be diverted to the military, copying the playbook deployed by Beijing in justifying restrictions on what it calls dual-use items such as rare earths and other critical minerals.
“Ethane is no longer just a byproduct of shale — it’s now a geopolitical weapon,” said Julian Renton, lead analyst covering natural gas liquids at East Daley Analytics. “China bet billions building infrastructure around US ethane, and Washington is now questioning whether that bet should continue to pay off.”
America’s shale revolution and China’s rapid industrialization have coincided this century to create a market where cheap energy byproducts are parlayed into millions of tons of materials used as trash bags and shampoo bottles, car seats and computer keyboards.
But companies that prospered from cooperation are now caught in the crossfire of an increasingly antagonistic trade relationship between Washington and Beijing. Chinese firms such as Satellite Chemical Co. operate giant petrochemical plants that process US ethane almost exclusively. US producers like Enterprise Products Partners and Energy Transfer LP rely on exports, almost half of which go to China, to augment sales in their heavily saturated domestic market.